Molecular Formula | C8H10O4 |
Molar Mass | 170.16 |
Density | 1.1456 (rough estimate) |
Melting Point | 83-87 °C |
Boling Point | 219.79°C (rough estimate) |
Solubility | Easily soluble in hot water, ethanol, ether, benzene, chloroform, slightly soluble in cold water (2g/100ml), slightly soluble in hot petroleum ether, almost insoluble in pentane and hexane |
Appearance | Pale yellow powder |
Color | Needles from pet ether or rhombic orhexagonal plates |
Merck | 13,7163 |
pKa | 3.90±0.33(Predicted) |
Storage Condition | Store at 2-8 |
Refractive Index | 1.4425 (estimate) |
MDL | MFCD00004365 |
Risk Codes | R36/37/38 - Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin. R20/21/22 - Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed. R22 - Harmful if swallowed |
Safety Description | S37/39 - Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection S26 - In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice. S24/25 - Avoid contact with skin and eyes. |
UN IDs | 2811 |
RTECS | MM2625000 |
HS Code | 29189900 |
Hazard Class | 6.1(b) |
Packing Group | III |
Toxicity | LD50 i.p. in mice: 90.00 mg/kg (Chan et al.) |
(IARC) carcinogen classification | 3 (Vol. 10, Sup 7) 1987 |
EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
What is penicillic acid? | penicillic acid, a Penicillium toxin synthesized mainly in Penicillium Mucor, it is mainly produced by the metabolic products of the arc, and the highest content in the feed can reach 2%. Penicillic acid is one of the common mycotoxins that endanger the aquaculture industry. Long-term feeding of feed containing penicillic acid can cause enlargement of animal liver, degeneration of liver cells and inhibit DNA synthesis of animal cells, serious can make the animal cell DNA breakage. Penicillic acid can produce joint toxicity with other mycotoxins, if combined with other mycotoxins can produce greater toxicity. penicillic acid (PA) is a Penicillium toxin found and named by Alsberg and Black(1913), which is mainly synthesized in Penicillium rubra. PA can be detected in many agricultural products, such as corn, dry beans, animal feed and so on. Studies have found that excessive intake of PA can cause a variety of toxic symptoms, including liver toxicity, cytotoxicity and alveolar toxicity, and has carcinogenic effects. The high content of PA in feed, through the enrichment of the food chain, poses a threat to human health. Therefore, it is very important to establish a set of effective rapid detection methods. |
uses | penicillic acid is mainly a secondary metabolite of Aspergillus and Penicillium, and has a wide range of biological activity. |
biological activity | Penicillic acid is a polyketide mycotoxin produced by several species of Aspergillus and Penicillium, it is cytotoxic to rat alveolar macrophages (AM) in vitro. Penic acid inhibits Fas ligand-induced apoptosis by blocking caspase-8 self-processing. |
category | toxic substances |
toxicity grade | high toxicity |
Acute toxicity | intraperitoneal-rat LD50 90 mg/kg; Oral-mouse LD50: 600 mg/kg |
flammability hazard characteristics | flammable, spicy and irritating smoke |
storage and transportation characteristics | warehouse low temperature, ventilation, dry |
extinguishing agent | water, carbon dioxide, dry powder, sand |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |